Spring Data JPA JPQL and Native Query Example

In this post, Spring Data JPA JPQL and Native Query Example using @Query Annotation.  We will see how to write a JPQL and Native Query using @Query annotation.

Consider we have an entity called Student.java as below.

package com.javatute.entity;
 
@Entity
public class Student {
 
	@Id
	@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
	private int id;
 
	@Column(name = "name")
	private String name;
 
	@Column(name = "roll_number")
	private String rollNumber;
 
	@Column(name = "university")
	String university;
	 
}

and we have some record in the database as below.

Spring Data JPA JPQL to find all students passing the name field.

@Query("select s from Student s where s.name = ?1")
List<Student> findStudents(String name);

Spring Data JPA Native query to find all students passing the name field.

@Query(value = "select * from Student s where s.name = ?1", nativeQuery = true)
List<Student> findStudentsUsingNativeQuery(String name);

Note – The above methods will return the list of students for the corresponding name.

Let’s see another example of Spring Data JPA JPQL and Native queries where we will retrieve students on the basis of rollNumber.

JPQL Example.

@Query("select s from Student s where s.rollNumber = ?1")
List<Student> findStudentsUsingJpql(String rollNumber);

Native query Example.

@Query(value = "select * from Student s where s.roll_number = ?1", nativeQuery = true)
List<Student> findStudentsUsingNativeQuery(String rollNumber);

Did you notice? We are using rollNumber(field name) in the case of JPQL. On the other hand, we are using roll_number(column name) in case of a native query.

Repository interface.

package com.javatute.repository;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Query;
import org.springframework.data.repository.CrudRepository;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import com.javatute.entity.Student;

@Repository
public interface StudentRepository extends CrudRepository<Student, Serializable> {

	@Query("select s from Student s where s.name = ?1")
	List<Student> findStudents(String name);
	
	@Query(value = "select * from Student s where s.name = ?1", nativeQuery = true)
	List<Student> findStudentsUsingNativeQuery(String name);

}

Spring Data JPA JPQL and Native Query Example using Spring Boot and Oracle.

Open eclipse and create maven project, Don’t forget to check ‘Create a simple project (skip)’ click on next.  Fill all details(GroupId – springdataqueryannotation, ArtifactId – springdataqueryannotation and name – springdataqueryannotation) and click on finish. Keep packaging as the jar.

Modify pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<groupId>springdataqueryannotation</groupId>
	<artifactId>springdataqueryannotation</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<name>springdataqueryannotation</name>
	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>2.0.2.RELEASE</version>
	</parent>
	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>

		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.oracle</groupId>
			<artifactId>ojdbc6</artifactId>
			<version>11.2.0.3</version>
		</dependency>

	</dependencies>
	<build>
		<finalName>${project.artifactId}</finalName>
		<plugins>

			<plugin>
				<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
				<version>3.1</version>
				<configuration>
					<fork>true</fork>
					<executable>C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_131\bin\javac.exe</executable>
				</configuration>
			</plugin>


		</plugins>
	</build>
</project>

Note – In pom.xml we have defined javac.exe path in configuration tag. You need to change accordingly i.e where you have installed JDK.

If you see any error for oracle dependency then follow these steps.

Directory structure –

Student.java

package com.javatute.entity;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;

@Entity
public class Student {

	@Id
	@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
	private int id;

	@Column(name = "name")
	private String name;

	@Column(name = "roll_number")
	private String rollNumber;

	@Column(name = "university")
	String university;

	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public String getRollNumber() {
		return rollNumber;
	}

	public void setRollNumber(String rollNumber) {
		this.rollNumber = rollNumber;
	}

	public String getUniversity() {
		return university;
	}

	public void setUniversity(String university) {
		this.university = university;
	}

}

StudentController.java

package com.javatute.controller;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import com.javatute.entity.Student;
import com.javatute.service.StudentService;

@RestController
@RequestMapping(value = "/student")
public class StudentController {

	@Autowired
	private StudentService studentService;

	@RequestMapping(value = "/saveall", method = RequestMethod.POST)
	@ResponseBody
	public List<Student> saveAllStudents(@RequestBody List<Student> studentList) {
		List<Student> studentResponse = (List<Student>) studentService.saveAllStudent(studentList);
		return studentResponse;
	}
	
	@RequestMapping(value = "/findStudents/{name}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
	@ResponseBody
	public List<Student> findStudents(@PathVariable String name) {
		List<Student> studentResponse = (List<Student>) studentService.findStudents(name);
		return studentResponse;
	}
	
	@RequestMapping(value = "/findStudentsUsingNativeQuery/{name}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
	@ResponseBody
	public List<Student> findStudentsUsingNativeQuery(@PathVariable String name) {
		List<Student> studentResponse = (List<Student>) studentService.findStudentsUsingNativeQuery(name);
		return studentResponse;
	}

}

Note – See more details about @Controller and RestController here.

StudentRepository.java – interface

package com.javatute.repository;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Query;
import org.springframework.data.repository.CrudRepository;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import com.javatute.entity.Student;

@Repository
public interface StudentRepository extends CrudRepository<Student, Serializable> {

	@Query("select s from Student s where s.name = ?1")
	List<Student> findStudents(String name);
	
	@Query(value = "select * from Student s where s.name = ?1", nativeQuery = true)
	List<Student> findStudentsUsingNativeQuery(String name);

}

StudentService.java – interface

package com.javatute.service;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import com.javatute.entity.Student;

@Component
public interface StudentService {
	public List<Student> saveAllStudent(List<Student> studentList);

	List<Student> findStudents(String name);

	List<Student> findStudentsUsingNativeQuery(String name);

}

Note – See here more about @Component, @Controller, @Service and @Repository annotations here.

StudentServiceImpl.java

package com.javatute.impl;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import com.javatute.entity.Student;
import com.javatute.repository.StudentRepository;
import com.javatute.service.StudentService;

@Service("studentServiceImpl")
public class StudentServiceImpl implements StudentService {

	@Autowired
	private StudentRepository studentRepository;

	@Transactional
	public List<Student> saveAllStudent(List<Student> studentList) {
		List<Student> response = (List<Student>) studentRepository.saveAll(studentList);
		return response;
	}

	@Transactional(readOnly = true)
	public List<Student> findStudents(String name) {
		List<Student> studentResponse = studentRepository.findStudents(name);
		return studentResponse;
	}
	
	@Transactional(readOnly = true)
	public List<Student> findStudentsUsingNativeQuery(String name) {
		List<Student> studentResponse = studentRepository.findStudentsUsingNativeQuery(name);
		return studentResponse;
	}
	
}

SpringMain.java

package com.javatute.main;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.domain.EntityScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;

@SpringBootApplication
@ComponentScan(basePackages = "com.*")
@EntityScan("com.javatute.entity")
public class SpringMain {
	public static void main(String[] args) {

		SpringApplication.run(SpringMain.class, args);
	}

}

Note – See more details about @ComponentScan here.

JpaConfig.java

package com.javatute.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.config.EnableJpaRepositories;

@Configuration
@EnableJpaRepositories(basePackages = "com.javatute.repository")
public class JpaConfig {

}

Note – See more details about @Configuration annotations here.

application.properties

# Connection url for the database
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:XE
spring.datasource.username=SYSTEM
spring.datasource.password=oracle2
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver
# Show or not log for each sql query
spring.jpa.show-sql = true
spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.format_sql=true 
 
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto =create
spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.dialect = org.hibernate.dialect.Oracle10gDialect
 
server.port = 9091

#show sql values
logging.level.org.hibernate.type.descriptor.sql=trace

#hibernate.show_sql = true
#spring.jpa.hibernate.logging.level.sql =FINE
#show sql statement
#logging.level.org.hibernate.SQL=debug

Let’s run the SpringMain class(run as java application).

Perform saveall operation first using below REST API.

http://localhost:9091/student/saveall

[
    {
        "name": "john",
        "rollNumber": "120",
        "university":"rgtu"
    },
    {
        "name": "mark",
        "rollNumber": "121",
        "university":"rgtu"
    },
    {
        "name": "aric",
        "rollNumber": "123",
        "university":"rgtu"
    },
    {
        "name": "hira",
        "rollNumber": "124",
        "university":"rgtu"
    }
]

Response Data.

[
    {
        "id": 1,
        "name": "john",
        "rollNumber": "120",
        "university": "rgtu"
    },
    {
        "id": 2,
        "name": "mark",
        "rollNumber": "121",
        "university": "rgtu"
    },
    {
        "id": 3,
        "name": "aric",
        "rollNumber": "123",
        "university": "rgtu"
    },
    {
        "id": 4,
        "name": "hira",
        "rollNumber": "124",
        "university": "rgtu"
    }
]

http://localhost:9091/student/findStudents/john

http://localhost:9091/student/findStudentsUsingNativeQuery/john

That’s all about Spring Data JPA JPQL and Native Query Example using Spring Boot and Oracle.

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Spring Data JPA Docs.

Summary –  We have seen how to write Spring Data JPA JPQL and Native Query using @Query annotation.